Translating IPIP Items into Other Languages
This web-site serves as a clearing-house for those who plan to translate the English IPIP items into other languages. If you have already translated any IPIP items, or plan to do so, please contact Lewis R. Goldberg at: lewg@ori.org
ARABIC. Qutayba Abdullatif, Ph.D. has utilized the method of Conceptual Adaptation (as compared to the less rigorous method of translation and back translation) and consulted with subject-matter and linguistic experts to adapt the 100 items included in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers into standard Arabic. Using the Conceptual Adaptation method, the author provided adaptations for culturally relevant (and/or culturally sensitive) items and idiomatic expressions. The author is a clinical/research psychologist by training and is interested in the assessment of personality traits and emotional states across cultures and languages, and the effects of linguistic and cultural influences on the experience and expression of stress, cognitive appraisals, anxiety, and depression. He can be contacted at: qutaybaa@yahoo.com
ARABIC. Essam Gaber Ali, in consultation with a panel of language professors,
has translated, back-translated, and adapted the 100 items included in the IPIP
Big-Five factor markers into standard Arabic. Essam is a doctoral candidate
in the Psychiatry program at Suez Canal University in Ismailia, Egypt, under
the mentorship of Professor Ismail M. Youssef, MD. He is interested in the assessment
of the interactions between depression and burnout syndrome, and the role played
by personality traits in such interactions, in samples of resident physicians.
He can be reached at: thewisdomguy@yahoo.com
BULGARIAN. Konstantin Cigularov and Dr. George Thornton in the Industrial/Organizational Psychology Program at Colorado State University are planning to translate the IPIP 50-item Big-Five markers into Bulgarian for use in cross-cultural research on personality and motivation. For his doctoral dissertation, Cigularov plans to administer the translated Big-Five measure along with other personality measures to Bulgarian adults. Both investigators would like to collaborate with others interested in the project. For further information, contact Konstantin Cigularov at: kcigular@lamar.colostate.edu
CHINESE. Dr. Chaoping Li, an Assistant Professor in the
Institute of Organization and Human Resources at Renmin University of China
in Beijing, is developing Mandarin Chinese versions of the IPIP scales measuring
constructs similar to those included in the 16PF, HPI, and NEO inventories,
to be used for both basic research on personality traits and eventual use in
personnel selection and career counseling. Dr. Li is interested in working with
others who are bilingual in Chinese and English. To learn more about Dr. Li,
visit www.lichaoping.com.
One can contact him at: lichaoping@mparuc.edu.cn
CHINESE. Ya-Tzu Wang, a postgraduate student in the Institute of Leisure, Recreation, and Tourism Management (supervised by Dr. Pei-Wen Huang, an Associate Professor in the Department of Business Administration) at Southern Taiwan University in Tainan, Taiwan, has translated the IPIP 50-item Big-Five Factor markers into Chinese. She is using the translated measure to study individual differences among hospitality employees and their influence on job performance and internal emotional reactions while interacting with customers. She can be contacted at: m95b0237@webmail.stut.edu.tw
CHINESE. Xian Xu in the Industrial/Organizational Psychology Program at the University of South Florida has translated (and back-translated) the 100 items included in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers into Mandarin Chinese. She is interested in studying personality in organizational contexts from a cultural perspective, and specifically cultural influences on the relations between personality and organizational citizenship behavior. One can reach her at: xxu2@mail.usf.edu
CROATIAN. Dr. Boris Mlacic from the Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar in Zagreb, in collaboration with Dr. Goran Milas, has translated the 100 items in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers into Croatian. Dr. Mlacic administered the markers in Croatia to a large sample of adults who provided self and peer ratings and obtained a stable five-factor structure with high reliabilities for each of the five scales. Dr. Mlacic and Dr. Milas are translating the items measuring the 45 AB5C facets into Croatian to be used in future research. One can contact Dr. Mlacic at: Boris.Mlacic@pilar.hr
CROATIAN. Zeljko Jerneic, Zvonimir Galic, and Maja Parmac from the Department of Psychology at the University of Zagreb in Croatia have translated the 300 items in the IPIP version of the NEO-PI-R into Croatian for use in studies of personality and social desirability in personnel selection. For further information, contact this team at: zjerneic@ffzg.hr
DANISH. Ph.D. Fellow Peter Hartmann, in conjunction with the Individual Differences Research Unit from the Institute of Psychology at the University of Aarhus, has developed a personality inventory called the Danish International Personality Item Pool Questionnaire (D-IPIP-Q), based on the 300 item on-line IPIP-NEO inventory administered by John A. Johnson. The D-IPIP-Q currently consists of 120 items, partly translated from the IPIP-NEO and partly newly written based on the 30 NEO facet descriptions. The D-IPIP-Q also includes six additional items to measure Social Desirability and Carelessness response biases. The test reliably measures five personality factors and has been normed on 200 young adults. For further information, contact the author at: peter.weber.hartmann@gmail.com
DUTCH. Roughly 750 of the IPIP items had their origins in Dutch, in a project initiated by A. A. Jolijn Hendriks, Willem K. B. Hofstee, and Boele de Raad at the University of Groningen. For further information about these 750 Dutch items, contact Jolijn Hendriks: jolijn.hendriks@planet.nl
ESTONIAN. René Mõttus, Helle Pullmann, Jüri Allik, Liina Haring, Kenn Konstabel, and Anu Realo from the University of Tartu in Estonia, have adapted the IPIP scales measuring constructs similar to the 30 facets of the NEO-PI-R into Estonian. In order to obtain measures that would be suitable for individuals at many levels of ability and education, their aim was to develop an inventory with simple and comprehensible items reflecting the local culture and language. Therefore the adaptation includes some new Estonian items. Mõttus and his colleagues compared the adapted scales with those of the Estonian version of the NEO-PI-R, which was administered in parallel with the IPIP scales. In addition, they investigated the external validity of the scales, as well as cross-observer agreement. For further information, contact: Rene.Mottus@ut.ee
FINNISH. Jan-Erik Lönnqvist and Sointu Leikas from
the Department of Psychology of the University of Helsinki have translated into
Finnish the 300 items in the IPIP version of the NEO-PI-R. With Markku Verkasalo
in the same department, they have administered both the IPIP and the commercial
version to a sample of military recruits. One can contact this team at: jan-erik.lonnqvist@helsinki.fi
FRENCH. Kerri Gibson and Caroline Boucher, both former students
of Bishop’s University in Lennoxville, Quebec (Canada), translated into
French the 50 IPIP items targeted at the five NEO-PI-R domains and the 10 IPIP
Conservatism items related to the MPQ Traditionalism scale. Kerri completed
her honor’s thesis at Bishop’s University on selected personality
characteristics of Anglophones and Francophones in Quebec. She is currently
at the University of New Brunswick completing her Ph.D. in clinical psychology
and can be reached at kerri.gibson@unb.ca.
GERMAN. The Dutch item pool was translated into German by Alois Angleitner, Susanne Hempel, Rika Langert, and Frank Spinath at the University of Bielefeld. For further information, contact Fritz Ostendorf: upsyf007@uni-bielefeld.de
GERMAN. Dr. Cora Schaefer from the Institute of Information Systems and Management at the University of Karlsruhe in Germany has translated into German (and back-translated) the items in some of John A. Johnson’s 4-item short scales measuring constructs similar to those in the NEO-PI-R: Self-consciousness (Neuroticism); Warmth, Gregariousness, and Positive Emotions (Extraversion); Trust, Altruism, Compliance, Modesty, and Tender-mindedness (Agreeableness); Openness to Actions (Openness); and Competence and Dutifulness (Conscientiousness). The translated items along with the original English items, as well as some psychometric properties of the scales and a description of the sample are reported in an English-language Ph.D. dissertation which can be found at: http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000009431. Dr. Schaefer can be contacted at: cdks24@gmx.de
GERMAN. Prof. Heinz Streib in the Research Center
for Biographical Studies in Contemporary Religion at the Universität Bielefeld
(Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany) has translated (and back-translated)
the 100 items included in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers into German. One
can reach him at:
heinz.streib@uni-bielefeld.de
GREEK. Dr. Maria Vakola (Athens University of Economics and Business), Dr. Ioannis Tsaousis (University of the Aegean), and Stelios Georgiades (McMaster University) have translated into Greek (and back translated) the 50 IPIP items in the Big Five Factor Markers. The team is currently analyzing data collected on a Greek student sample as part of a study of individual differences and responses to organizational change. The Greek IPIP items and information on their psychometric properties can be obtained from Dr. Ioannis Tsaousis (tsaousis@rhodes.aegean.gr). For further information, contact Dr. Maria Vakola at: mvakola@aueb.gr
HEBREW. Dr. Shaul Oreg in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Haifa in Israel, along with Dr. Yair Berson in the Department of Education (also at the University of Haifa), have translated into Hebrew the 300 items in the IPIP version of the NEO-PI-R. They are interested in the joint role of personality and context in predicting leadership behaviors. In other research, Dr. Oreg is studying the dispositional characteristics of persuasive individuals, and individual differences in the manifestation of cognitive biases. He can be contacted at: oreg@soc.haifa.ac.il
HUNGARIAN. Dr. Agota Kun in the Department of Social and
Work Psychology of the University of Debrecen in Hungary is translating IPIP
items into Hungarian for applied research on employee selection and for basic
research on personality traits. She began with the 300 items measuring constructs
similar to those in the NEO-PI-R, the 50-item Big-Five markers, and the IPIP
items related to emotional intelligence. Dr. Kun is interested in working with
others who are bilingual in Hungarian and English. Contact her at: agota.kun@staffing.hu
HUNGARIAN. Dr. Zoltan Vass, an Assistant Professor in Psychology at
the Karoly University of the Reformist Church and Dr. Péter Sváb,
president of the Society for Organization and Management Science in Budapest,
Hungary, and also at the Psychogalaxy project, have translated all IPIP items
into Hungarian. The aim of the Psychogalaxy project (www.psychogalaxy.com)
is to develop psychological self-knowledge, improve the quality of existing
relationships, and help people to create new relationships. The translated IPIP
items are available at: dr.zoltan.vass@gmail.com
ICELANDIC. Jóhanna Ella Jónsdóttir, in consultation with a psychometrican and other researchers, has translated and adapted the 50 items and 100 items IPIP Big‐Five factor markers into Icelandic. She will be translating more items in the future for use in consultation and research, starting with around 50 scales commonly used in organizational settings, including those measuring constructs similar to those in the CPI and the HPI. Jóhanna Ella Jónsdóttir can be contacted at johanna.ella@hugtak.is or johanna@namsmat.is (Webpages: www.hugtak.is and www.namsmat.is)
INDONESIAN. Dr. Adriaan H. Boon van Ostade, from Radboud University in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, and the University of Padjadjaran in Bandung, Indonesia, has translated (and back-translated) the 100 IPIP Big-Five factor markers into the Indonesian language. He has used the translated IPIP scales in research on social anxiety in extraverts and introverts with simple reaction-time tasks. Dr. van Ostade can be contacted at: ahbvo@gmx.net
INDONESIAN. Ruth Dwi Wiedyanti, S. Psi, a bachelor degree
graduate in psychology from the University of Indonesia has translated into
Indonesian the 300 items in the IPIP scales measuring constructs similar to
those in the NEO-PI-R. She plans to use the translated IPIP scales with the
employees in the company for which she works in Jakarta, Indonesia. She can
be contacted at: wiedyanti_1984@yahoo.co.id
ITALIAN. Prof. Giovanni Battista Flebus, who teaches
test theory at the University of Milano-Bicocca, is planning on translating
IPIP items into Italian. He would like to use optimal scaling techniques to
compare questionnaires in different languages at the item level. He can be contacted
at: giovannibattista.flebus@unimib.it
JAPANESE. Dr. Machiko Kametani, M.D., an assistant professor in the Institute of Women's Health in the School of Medicine at Tokyo Women's Medical University, plans to translate (and back-translate) the 300 items in the IPIP-NEO inventory into Japanese. In collaboration with Professor Toshiko Kamo (the director of the Institute of Women's Health) and Dr. Yuko Higaki (the vice director), Dr. Kametani plans a comprehensive nation-wide longitudinal survey of women's health in Japan, a survey that includes some psychiatric measures. Dr. Kametani can be contacted at: mkametani@iwh.twmu.ac.jp
JAPANESE. Dr. Minoru Nakayama at the Center for Research and Development in Educational Technology of the Tokyo Institute of Technology and his colleagues have translated the items in the 50-item IPIP measure of the Big-Five factor structure into Japanese. They are using the translated measure to study learner characteristics and their impact on performance in Internet-based learning. For further information, contact Dr. Minoru Nakayama at nakayama@cradle.titech.ac.jp
JAPANESE. Prof. Omar Karlin, an Assistant Professor at Tokai University in Tokyo Japan, has translated into Japanese the 300 IPIP items in the scales measuring constructs similar to those in the NEO-PI-R, plus the 100 items in the IPIP-NEO domain scales. Prof. Karlin is currently a doctoral candidate at Temple University in Tokyo Japan, writing his dissertation on the relations between personality traits and various language-learning environments (e.g., English as a Foreign Language vs. English as a Second Language). He is also interested in investigating whether IPIP items need to be adapted for language-learning environments. One can contact Prof. Karlin at: o_karlin@yahoo.com
KOREAN. Dr. In-Sue Oh (with Kibeom Lee at the University of Calgary and Jong-Goo Lee at Daegu University) has translated into Korean the 100 items included in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers. Dr. In-Sue Oh is interested in personnel selection, leadership development, and research methods. The Korean translation is available at http://blog.chosun.com/nicesue/4386059. Dr. In-Sue Oh can be contacted at: insue.oh@gmail.com.
LATVIAN. Liva Gabrane has translated the IPIP items measuring the 45 facets
of the AB5C model into Latvian. She is interested in personality research in
organizational contexts. One can reach her at: liva.gabrane@inbox.lv
LITHUANIAN. Aistė Kratavičiūtė-Ališauskienė, an organizational psychologist at the European Leadership Institute, has translated and adapted into Lithuanian 163 IPIP-16PF items for use in creating an e-game. For further information one can contact Aistė at: aiste.alisauskiene@elin.lt
MALAY. Hazalizah Hamzah, a doctoral candidate in the Industrial-Organizational Psychology program at the National University of Malaysia, has translated (and back-translated) the IPIP 50-item Big-Five factor markers into Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language), under the supervision of Aminuddin Mohd Yusof, Ph.D. For her doctoral dissertation, she plans to administer the translated Big-Five measure along with some followership, empowerment, and aggression measures to 1,500 primary school teachers. Her address: Hazalizah Hamzah, FSKPM UPSI, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia. E-mail: hazalizah@upsi.edu.my or hazalizah@yahoo.com
NORWEGIAN. Prof. Harald Engvik in the Institute of Psychology at the University of Oslo (P. O. Box 1094, Blindern; 0317 Oslo, Norway) has translated 1,412 English IPIP items into Norwegian, and developed 69 new ones. He has constructed a data-base that includes the resulting 1,481 English and Norwegian items with their allocations to IPIP scales. Three Norwegian versions of the IPIP-AB5C inventory have been tested on student samples, yielding empirical estimates of the AB5C categorization of over 500 of the Norwegian items. In addition, he has tested a Norwegian version of the 100-item Big-Five factor markers in a sample of 1100 army recruits. In the near future, he plans to test IPIP versions of the constructs included in the 16PF, HPI, NEO, TCI, and CPI inventories. Prof. Engvik can be contacted at: harald.engvik@psykologi.uio.no
PERSIAN-IRANIAN. Dr. Nima Ghorbani from the University of Tehran, with the help of Professor P. J. Watson, has translated into Persian the 100 IPIP items measuring the Big-Five factors. He has used these Persian IPIP scales in applied and basic research projects with lower, middle, and upper level managers, high-school and university students, and high-school teachers. These measures are also being used for executive selection. In addition, Dr. Ghorbani's team has developed a Persian version of the IPIP-NEO-PI-R scales, which have been administered to high-school and university students, and to narcotic-addicted people who were under medication. In the future, a Persian version of the IPIP-AB5C scales will be developed for use in basic and applied research, clinical practice, and employee selection. Dr. Ghorbani can be contacted at: nghorbani@ut.ac.ir
POLISH. Prof. Maria Pachalska from the Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland, President of the Polish Neuropsychological Society, has translated the IPIP 50-item Big-Five markers into Polish. This new measure has been developed for use in research on personality changes, especially in persons who have undergone moderate to severe traumatic brain injury and in persons with dementia of varying origins. The Polish inventory is now available in both a first person version, to be completed by the patient, and a third-person version (for completion by significant others, due to obvious problems in comprehension in these populations). The discrepancies between these versions for the same patient is an area of particular interest. Research is also now underway to look for possible relations between IPIP items and measures derived from the Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) pan-European project. Prof. Pachalska would like to collaborate with others interested in these aspects of personality research. For further information, contact her at: m.pachalska@medscimonit.com
POLISH. Dr. Włodzimierz Strus (wstrus@op.pl), Dr. Tomasz Rowiński (tomasz.rowinski@gmail.com), and Dr. Jan Cieciuch (jancieciuch@gmail.com) from the Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw have started to translate all IPIP measures into Polish. In this project, many students from the university have been involved. The full description of the project can be found on the website: www.ipip.edu.pl. Polish versions of the IPIP-16PF, IPIP-BIS/BAS, IPIP-AB5C, Big-Five Aspects Scales, IPIP-NEO-PI-R, IPIP 50 and 100-item Big-Five factors markers have been translated. The first sample obtained in the project included 913 participants. The first results were presented at the 11th European Conference on Psychological Assessment in Riga in 2011. Dr. Strus, Dr. Rowiński, and Dr. Cieciuch are interested in collaborating with other investigators in cross-cultural personality research using IPIP measures.
PORTUGUESE. Keila Brockveld, a PhD student in Clinical Psychology, supervised
by Dr. Lorna Peters, at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia, has translated
the 100 items in the IPIP inventory measuring the Big-Five factor structure
into Brazilian Portuguese. She will use the translated inventory to investigate
how the Big-Five factors affect social anxiety as advantages and complications
of treatment outcomes. A first study will examine the relations between each
of the Big-Five factors and social anxiety in both clinical and nonclinical
samples in Australia and in Brazil; a second study will investigate the impact
of these factors on social anxiety treatment outcome. She can be contacted at:
keila.brockveld@students.mq.edu.au
or at: keilac@gmail.com
PORTUGUESE. Prof. Joao P. Oliveira, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology at Universidade Lusofona in Lisbon, Portugal, has translated the IPIP 50-item Big-Five factor markers into Portuguese. Prof. Oliveira’s main research fields include broad aspects of personality models and the interactions between personality traits, emotional states, and cognitive appraisals in community, clinical, and forensic samples. Prof. Oliveira can be contacted at: joaopoliveira@yahoo.com
PORTUGUESE. Edilson Pontarolo, in the Informatics in Education Program at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in Porto Alegre, Brazil, has translated the 50 items in the IPIP inventory measuring the Big-Five factor structure into Brazilian Portuguese. He intends to use the translated inventory to measure broad aspects of students' personalities and then use this information to predict students' objectives and their interaction patterns during computer supported collaborative learning games. He can be contacted at: epontarolo@inf.ufrgs.br
ROMANIAN. Dr. Dragos Iliescu (dragos.iliescu@testcentral.ro), a professor at the SNSPA University in Bucharest, together with his team, has translated all of the IPIP items into Romanian; the team included colleagues (especially Andrei Ion, andrei.ion@testcentral.ro and Laurentiu Maricutoiu, lmaricutoiu@gmail.com) and many students. This project aims to give students and researchers in Romania measures that are free to use for educational and research purposes. The Romanian website is under construction at www.researchcentral.ro, where the Romanian IPIP and other items will be found in the future.
ROMANIAN. Stephen Krauss, a researcher at the University of Illinois at Chicago has completed the translation (and back-translation) of approximately 350 IPIP items into Romanian. Among his interests are studies relating IPIP scales to political and religious attitudes across different cultures. He can be contacted at: stephenkrauss@hotmail.com
ROMANIAN. Irina Opincariu, a student in the masters program in organizational psychology, economics, and human resources at the University of Bucharest in Romania, plans to translate into Romanian the items in the IPIP scales measuring constructs similar to the NEO-PI-R facets, the Big-Five factor markers, 16PF scales, the CHS, and the BIS/BAS scales. Her main interest is cross-cultural research on changes in personality traits, especially among expatriates. She can be contacted at: irinaelen1@yahoo.com
RUSSIAN. Olga Hypponen, a BA (Hons) in Psychology at Napier University in Edinburgh (UK) has translated the 50 IPIP items in the Big-Five factor markers for her honours project in cross-cultural research on personality and attachment styles. She can be reached at: olgahypponen@hotmail.com
RUSSIAN. Dr. Gennady G. Knyazev, a Principal Research Scientist in the State Research Institute of Physiology at the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in Novosibirsk (Siberia), has translated into Russian the IPIP items in the Big-Five factor markers, and the IPIP items measuring components of Emotional Intelligence. He is interested in working with any collaborators who can help with the data collection. One can contact Dr. Knyazev at: G.G.Knyazev@iph.ma.nsc.ru
SERBIAN. Teachers and students from the Department of Psychology at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia have started to translate the entire set of IPIP items. The aim of the project is to make public-domain personality scales available to researchers from Serbia and other West Balkan countries. Prof. Snezana Smederevac (smederevac@sbb.rs) heads the team, which includes Dusanka Mitrovic (dudamit@eunet.rs), Petar Colovic (p.etar@eunet.rs), and Milan Oljaca (milanoljaca@gmail.com). So far, the items from 155 IPIP scales have been translated by the members of the team and psychology students from Novi Sad. Currently, the translated material is being prepared to be made available online, and the results of preliminary research will be presented at the 60th Annual Conference of the Serbian Psychological Association.
SLOVENE. Prof. Dr. Janek Musek and the research group in the Department of Psychology at the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia have translated into Slovene the 300 items in the IPIP version of the NEO-PI-R. The purpose of this project is to obtain a reliable and valid measure of the Five-Factor Model and its facets, and to investigate the relations between IPIP scales and different measures of psychological well-being. One can contact this team at: janek.musek@guest.arnes.si
SPANISH. Prof. Edgardo Perez in the Facultad de Psicologia at the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba in Argentina has translated into Spanish the items in the IPIP scales measuring constructs similar to those in the 16PF. Psychometric studies related to internal consistency and criterion validity of this Spanish version of the IPIP-16PF are available at: http://www.revistaevaluar.com.ar, Numero 4. For copies of his inventory, contact Prof. Perez at: edrape@onenet.com.ar
SPANISH. Prof. Richard A. Posthuma, in the College of Business Administration at the University of Texas at El Paso, is working with the Spanish-American version (FormaS) of the 16PF personality questionnaire on projects involving employee selection, negotiation, and conflict resolution. He also has a Spanish (Mexican) translation and back-translation of 100 IPIP items, and he intends to translate some or all of the remaining items. For those interested in research collaborations, he can be contacted at: rposthuma@utep.edu
SWEDISH. Dr. Martin Bäckström from the Department of Psychology at Lund University has carried out a preliminary Swedish translation of 1,955 IPIP items. He has developed a web site (www.pimahb.se/web3/) where some of these IPIP items are now available for on-line use by his students and other visitors. He is interested in developing scales that are useful in personnel selection, vocational interest measurement, and job-analysis. In the future, he plans to carry out empirical tests of several IPIP scales, including those derived from both multiple and single constructs. One can contact him at: martin.backstrom@bredband.net
SWEDISH. Prof. Lennart Sjöberg in the Psychology Department of the Stockholm School of Economics in Stockholm, Sweden has expressed an interest in preparing Swedish translations of some IPIP items, especially those measuring emotional constructs. He can be contacted at: lsjoberg@fastmail.fm
TURKISH. Prof. Oya Somer and her colleagues Mediha Korkmaz and Arkun Tatar in the Psychology Department at Ege University in Izmir, Turkey, have translated 924 IPIP items into Turkish. They have used these items to develop a new Turkish personality inventory, which includes 220 items, measuring 17 lower-level scales and five higher-level constructs. The standardization sample included 1,675 Turkish adults (805 male, 845 female) and 1,828 Turkish students (891 male, 937 female). The development of the scales was based on item factor analyses and internal-consistency procedures. Findings from reliability and validity analyses are available from Prof. Somer at: oya.somer@ege.edu.tr
URDU. Shagufta Perveen, in consultation with a panel of language experts, has translated, back-translated, and adapted the items included in the IPIP inventory measuring constructs similar to those in the NEO-PI-R into standard Urdu. Perveen is a doctoral candidate at Hazara University in Pakistan, under the mentorship of Dr. Syeda Farhana Kazmi. Both are interested in the assessment of the interactions between Madrassah education and personality dynamics in Pakistan. The contact address is: nav11649@yahoo.com
VIETNAMESE. April Leininger, a psychological anthropologist,
has created a Vietnamese-language personality inventory by translating and back-translating
the IPIP items corresponding to the NEO-PI-R. She administered this measure
to Vietnamese Americans along with a Vietnamese-language inventory of cultural
values. The Vietnamese items can be obtained by contacting her at: arl@alumni.northwestern.edu
VIETNAMESE. Dr. Kate E. Walton, Assistant Professor of Psychology at St. John's University in New York, has translated into Vietnamese (and back-translated) all of the IPIP items included in the 45 bipolar scales measuring the AB5C constructs. The objective of her research is to study normal and abnormal personality development longitudinally in a diverse sample of Vietnamese; study participants include a sample of 329 persons recruited at a university in Hanoi as well as a community sample recruited from a rural village outside of Hanoi. To learn more about this project, contact Dr Walton at: waltonk@stjohns.edu
WELSH. Gareth
Hagger-Johnson at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland and Soracha Cashman
at the University of Wales in Bangor (Wales) have developed Welsh translations
of the 100 items included in the IPIP Big-Five factor markers. The Welsh items
can be obtained from: g.hagger-johnson@leeds.ac.uk
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