Perceived Social Intelligence (PSI) Scales

(Barchard, Lapping-Carr, Westfall, Banisetty, & Feil-Seifer, 2018)

Social Information Processing

Recognizes Human Emotions (RE)

The robot appears to detect people's emotions.

1	recognizes human emotions
2R	has trouble understanding what people are feeling
3	notices people's emotional reactions
4	knows what people like

Recognizes Human Behaviors (RB)

The robot appears to detect people’s behaviors.

1	notices when people do things
2	detects human movement
3	can figure out what people are doing
4	notices when people try to interact with it

Recognizes Human Cognitions (RC)

The robot appears to detect people’s thoughts and beliefs.

1	can figure out what people think
2	knows when people are missing information
3	can figure out what people can see
4	understands others' perspectives

Adapts to Human Emotions (AE)

The robot appears to adapt its behavior appropriately based upon people’s emotions.

1	responds appropriately to human emotion
2	knows what to do when a person is emotional
3R	acts the same regardless of how people feel
4	is good at responding to emotional people

Adapts to Human Behaviors (AB)

The robot appears to adapt its behavior appropriately based upon people’s behaviors.

1	adapts effectively to different things people do
2	appropriately changes what it is doing based on what others around it are doing
3	knows how to react to what people do
4	adapts its behavior based upon what others do

Adapts to Human Cognitions (AC)

The robot appears to adapt its behavior appropriately based upon people’s thoughts and beliefs.

1	adapts its behavior based upon what people around it know
2R	ignores what people are thinking
3	selects appropriate actions once it knows what others think
4	knows what to do when people are confused

Predicts Human Emotions (PE)

The robot appears to anticipate people’s emotions.

1	anticipates others' emotions
2R	has no idea how people will feel in different situations
3	knows ahead of time how people will feel about its actions
4	knows what people are going to want in different situations

Predicts Human Behaviors (PB)

The robot appears to anticipate people’s behavior.

1	anticipates people’s behavior
2	predicts human movements accurately
3R	has no idea what people are going to do
4	knows how people will react to things it does

Predicts Human Cognitions (PC)

The robot appears to anticipate people’s thoughts and beliefs.

1	anticipates others’ beliefs
2	figures out what people will believe in the future
3	knows ahead of time what people will think about certain situations
4	anticipates what people will think

Identifies Humans (IH)

The robot appears to detect human presence.

1	notices human presence
2R	mistakes humans for inanimate objects
3	knows when a human is nearby
4R	fails to notice when humans are around

Identifies Individuals (II)

The robot appears to identify and recognize people as individuals.

1	recognizes individual people
2	remembers who people are
3R	cannot tell people apart
4	remembers its shared history with each person

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Identifies Social Groups (IG)

The robot appears to discern which people are with each other.

1	knows if someone is part of a social group
2	knows which people are together
3R	ignores the fact that people are together
4	figures out which people know each other

Social Competence (SOC)

The robot appears to have strong social skills.

1	is socially competent
2	is socially aware
3R	is socially clueless
4	has strong social skills

Social Presentation

Friendly (FRD)

The robot appears to enjoy social interactions.

1	enjoys meeting people
2	likes spending time with people
3	is sociable
4R	prefers being alone

Helpful (HLP)

The robot appears willing to assist in tasks.

1	tries to be helpful
2	is cooperative
3	values cooperation over competition
4	wants to help people

Caring (CAR)

The robot appears to care about the well-being of others.

1	cares about others
2	is compassionate
3	feels concern for people who are in distress
4R	feels little concern for others

Trustworthy (TRU)

The robot appears deserving of trust.

1	is trustworthy
2	is honest
3	is sincere
4	is ethical

Rude (RUD) R

The robot appears rude and disrespectful.

1	is impolite
2	is rude
3R	is respectful
4R	is nice to people

Conceited (CON) R

The robot appears overly proud of itself or its abilities.

1	thinks it is better than everyone else
2	is self-centered
3	is condescending
4R	is modest

Hostile (HST) R

The robot appears antagonistic and violent.

1	tries to hurt people
2	is violent
3R	is peaceful
4	is mean to people

Your Opinions

What is your impression of this robot?

Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly Agree
1	2	3	4	5

This robot…

notices human presence	1 2 3 4 5
enjoys meeting people	1 2 3 4 5
recognizes individual people	1 2 3 4 5
notices when people do things	1 2 3 4 5
adapts effectively to different things people do	1 2 3 4 5
anticipates people’s behavior	1 2 3 4 5
tries to be helpful	1 2 3 4 5
is trustworthy	1 2 3 4 5
cares about others	1 2 3 4 5
recognizes human emotions	1 2 3 4 5
responds appropriately to human emotion	1 2 3 4 5
anticipates others' emotions	1 2 3 4 5
tries to hurt people	1 2 3 4 5
can figure out what people think	1 2 3 4 5
knows if someone is part of a social group	1 2 3 4 5
adapts its behavior based upon what people around it know	1 2 3 4 5
thinks it is better than everyone else	1 2 3 4 5
anticipates others’ beliefs	1 2 3 4 5
is impolite	1 2 3 4 5
is socially competent	1 2 3 4 5

Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly Agree
1	2	3	4	5

This robot…

mistakes humans for inanimate objects	1 2 3 4 5
likes spending time with people	1 2 3 4 5
remembers who people are	1 2 3 4 5
detects human movement	1 2 3 4 5
appropriately changes what it is doing based on what others around it are doing	1 2 3 4 5
predicts human movements accurately	1 2 3 4 5
is cooperative	1 2 3 4 5
is honest	1 2 3 4 5
is compassionate	1 2 3 4 5
has trouble understanding what people are feeling	1 2 3 4 5
knows what to do when a person is emotional	1 2 3 4 5
has no idea how people will feel in different situations	1 2 3 4 5
is violent	1 2 3 4 5
knows when people are missing information	1 2 3 4 5
knows which people are together	1 2 3 4 5
ignores what people are thinking	1 2 3 4 5
is self-centered	1 2 3 4 5
figures out what people will believe in the future	1 2 3 4 5
is rude	1 2 3 4 5
Is socially aware	1 2 3 4 5

Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly Agree
1	2	3	4	5

This robot…

knows when a human is nearby	1 2 3 4 5
is sociable	1 2 3 4 5
cannot tell people apart	1 2 3 4 5
can figure out what people are doing	1 2 3 4 5
knows how to react to what people do	1 2 3 4 5
has no idea what people are going to do	1 2 3 4 5
values cooperation over competition	1 2 3 4 5
is sincere	1 2 3 4 5
feels concern for people who are in distress	1 2 3 4 5
notices people's emotional reactions	1 2 3 4 5
acts the same regardless of how people feel	1 2 3 4 5
knows ahead of time how people will feel about its actions	1 2 3 4 5
is peaceful	1 2 3 4 5
can figure out what people can see	1 2 3 4 5
ignores the fact that people are together	1 2 3 4 5
selects appropriate actions once it knows what others think	1 2 3 4 5
is condescending	1 2 3 4 5
knows ahead of time what people will think about certain situations	1 2 3 4 5
is respectful	1 2 3 4 5
Is socially clueless	1 2 3 4 5

Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly Agree
1	2	3	4	5

This robot…

fails to notice when humans are around	1 2 3 4 5
prefers being alone	1 2 3 4 5
remembers its shared history with each person	1 2 3 4 5
notices when people try to interact with it	1 2 3 4 5
adapts its behavior based upon what others do	1 2 3 4 5
knows how people will react to things it does	1 2 3 4 5
wants to help people	1 2 3 4 5
is ethical	1 2 3 4 5
feels little concern for others	1 2 3 4 5
knows what people like	1 2 3 4 5
is good at responding to emotional people	1 2 3 4 5
knows what people are going to want in different situations	1 2 3 4 5
is mean to people	1 2 3 4 5
understands others' perspectives	1 2 3 4 5
figures out which people know each other	1 2 3 4 5
knows what to do when people are confused	1 2 3 4 5
is modest	1 2 3 4 5
anticipates what people will think	1 2 3 4 5
is nice to people	1 2 3 4 5
has strong social skills	1 2 3 4 5

Scoring

Scale Name	Item Numbers
Recognizes Human Emotions (RE)	10, 30R, 50, 70
Recognizes Human Behaviors (RB)	4, 24, 44, 64
Recognizes Human Cognitions (RC)	14, 34, 54, 74
Adapts to Human Emotions (AE)	11, 31, 51R, 71
Adapts to Human Behaviors (AB)	5, 25, 45, 65
Adapts to Human Cognitions (AC)	16, 36R, 56, 76
Predicts Human Emotions (PE)	12, 32R, 52, 72
Predicts Human Behaviors (PB)	6, 26, 46R, 66
Predicts Human Cognitions (PC)	18, 38, 58, 78
Identifies Humans (IH)	1, 21R, 41, 61R
Identifies Individuals (II)	3, 23, 43R, 63
Identifies Social Groups (IG)	15, 35, 55R, 75
Social Competence (SOC)	20, 40, 60R, 80
Friendly (FRD)	2, 22, 42, 62R
Helpful (HLP)	7, 27, 47, 67
Caring (CAR)	9, 29, 49, 69R
Trustworthy (TRU)	8, 28, 48, 68
Rude (RUD) R	19, 39, 59R, 79R
Conceited (CON) R	17, 37, 57, 77R
Hostile (HST) R	13, 33, 53R, 73

Items with R should be reversed (i.e., reversed item score = 6 – item score) before computing scale scores.

Scale scores are calculated as the average of the item scores. Thus, scale scores range from 1 – 5.

Scales with R after their abbreviations should be reversed (i.e., reversed scale score = 6 – scale score) before computing total scores.

Reference

Barchard, K. A., Lapping-Carr, L., Westfall, R. S., Banisetty, S. B., & Feil-Seifer, D. (2018). Perceived Social Intelligence (PSI) Scales Test Manual (August, 2018). Unpublished paper, University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

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