The Items in the Preliminary IPIP Scales Measuring Constructs Similar to Those in the Hogan Personality Inventory (HPI)

Higher-Level Constructs

Stability (HPI: Adjustment) [IPIP Scale Alpha = .86]
+ keyed Rarely get irritated.
  Am relaxed most of the time.
  Seldom get mad.
  Am not easily annoyed.
  Am not easily bothered by things.

– keyed Have frequent mood swings.
  Get upset easily.
  Am often in a bad mood.
  Have days when I'm mad at the world.
  Get stressed out easily.
Leadership (HPI: Ambition) [.82]
+ keyed Take charge.
  Express myself easily.
  Try to lead others.
  Think highly of myself.
  Take the initiative.

– keyed Wait for others to lead the way.
  Am easily intimidated.
  Have a low opinion of myself.
  Am easily discouraged.
  Find it difficult to approach others.
Sociability (HPI: Sociability) [.75]
+ keyed Like to attract attention.
  Love large parties.
  Enjoy being part of a loud crowd.
  Amuse my friends.
  Like to amuse others.
  Seek adventure.
  Love action.
  Make myself the center of attention.

– keyed Don't like crowded events.
  Dislike loud music.
Friendliness (HPI: Likeability) [.86]
+ keyed Make friends easily.
  Feel at ease with people.
  Cheer people up.
  Am interested in people.
  Warm up quickly to others.

– keyed Am not really interested in others.
  Am hard to get to know.
  Keep others at a distance.
  Avoid contacts with others.
  Want to be left alone.
Dutifulness (HPI: Prudence) [.78]
+ keyed Respect authority.
  Try to follow the rules.
  Stick to the rules.
  Would never cheat on my taxes.
  Do things by the book.

– keyed Enjoy being reckless.
  Use swear words.
  Do things that others find strange.
  Do crazy things.
  Do unexpected things.
Creativity (HPI: Intellectance) [.83]
+ keyed Like to solve complex problems.
  Love to read challenging material.
  Love to think up new ways of doing things.
  Have a vivid imagination.
  Know how things work.

– keyed Am not interested in abstract ideas.
  Am not interested in theoretical discussions.
  Avoid difficult reading material.
  Try to avoid complex people.
  Do not have a good imagination.
Quickness (HPI: School Success) [.82]
+ keyed Read quickly.
  Like to read.
  Have a rich vocabulary.
  Quick to understand things.
  Catch on to things quickly.
  Can handle a lot of information.

– keyed Read slowly.
  Skip difficult words while reading.
  Have a poor vocabulary.
  Don't understand things.
Calmness (HPI: Service Orientation) [.76]
+ keyed Take things as they come.
  Accept people as they are.
  Seldom take offense.
  Am on good terms with nearly everyone.
  Am easy to satisfy.

– keyed Hold a grudge.
  Lose my temper.
  Have a sharp tongue.
  Speak ill of others.
  Am quick to judge others.
Happiness (HPI: Stress Tolerance) [.87]
+ keyed Seldom feel blue.
  Feel comfortable with myself.
  Am very pleased with myself.
  Readily overcome setbacks.

– keyed Often feel blue
  Dislike myself.
  Am often down in the dumps.
  Feel desperate.
  Worry about things.
  Am filled with doubts about things.
Cooperation (HPI: Reliability) [.76]
+ keyed Rarely overindulge.

– keyed Resist authority.
  Oppose authority.
  Act wild and crazy.
  Feel that people have a hard time understanding me.
  Break rules.
  Enjoy wild flights of fantasy.
  Swim against the current.
  Look for hidden meanings in things.
  Suspect hidden motives in others.
Toughness (HPI: Clerical Potential) [.77]
+ keyed Am not embarrassed easily.
  Remain calm under pressure.
  Want to be in charge.
  Quickly recognize possibilities.
  Automatically take charge.

– keyed Feel that I'm unable to deal with things.
  Panic easily.
  Am afraid that I will do the wrong thing.
  Often feel uncomfortable around others.
  Feel threatened easily.
Gregariousness (HPI: Sales Potential) [.86]
+ keyed Don't mind being the center of attention.
  Feel comfortable around people.
  Talk to a lot of different people at parties.
  Am the life of the party.
  Know how to captivate people.

– keyed Don't like to draw attention to myself.
  Have little to say.
  Dislike being the center of attention.
  Would describe my experiences as somewhat dull.
  Keep in the background.
Competence (HPI: Managerial Potential) [.80]
+ keyed Come up with good solutions.
  Complete tasks successfully.
  Carry out my plans.
  Accomplish a lot of work.
  Get things done quickly.

– keyed Feel that my life lacks direction.
  Am not sure where my life is going.
  Hang around doing nothing.
  Do just enough work to get by.
  Mess things up.

The 44 Lower-Level HPI Scales (HICs)

Empathy [IPIP Scale Alpha = .79]
+ keyed Rarely get irritated.
  Am not easily annoyed.
  Rarely complain.

– keyed Get irritated easily.
  Grumble about things.
  Get annoyed with others' behaviors.
Not Anxious [.79]
+ keyed Am relaxed most of the time.
  Am not easily bothered by things.
  Don't worry about things that have already happened.

– keyed Worry about things.
  Get stressed out easily.
  Get caught up in my problems.
No Guilt [.71]
+ keyed Feel comfortable with myself.
  Feel lucky most of the time.
  Enjoy my work.
 
– keyed Dislike myself.
  Do things I later regret.
  Don't know why I do some of the things I do.
Calmness [.75]
+ keyed Remain calm under pressure.
  Am calm even in tense situations.
  Keep a cool head.

– keyed Get upset easily.
  Panic easily.
  Get overwhelmed by emotions.
Even-tempered [.81]
+ keyed Seldom get mad.
  Keep my cool.

– keyed Get angry easily.
  Snap at people.
  Lose my temper.
  Yell at people.
No Somatic Complaints [.68]
+ keyed (No positive items.)

– keyed Often eat too much.
  Frequently drop things.
  Am easily hurt.
  Feel short-changed in life.
  Feel desperate.
  Am afraid of many things.
Trusting [.74]
+ keyed Trust what people say.
  Trust others.
  Believe in human goodness.

– keyed Distrust people.
  Suspect hidden motives in others.
  Believe that people are essentially evil
Good Attachment [.55]
+ keyed Rarely overindulge.

– keyed Experience my emotions intensely.
  Do things that others find strange.
  Feel short-changed in life.
  Need a creative outlet.
  Have days when I'm mad at the world.
Competitive [.70]
+ keyed Accept challenging tasks.
  Am good at many things.
  Feel up to any task.

– keyed Am not highly motivated to succeed.
  Do just enough work to get by.
  Undertake few things on my own.
Self-Confidence [.74]
+ keyed Am sure of my ground.
  Think highly of myself.
  Know immediately what to do.

– keyed Have a low opinion of myself.
  Am easily intimidated.
  Feel threatened easily.
No Depression [.81]
+ keyed Seldom feel blue.
  Love life.
  Readily overcome setbacks.

– keyed Often feel blue.
  Am often down in the dumps.
  Have frequent mood swings.
Leadership [.81]
+ keyed Take charge.
  Want to be in charge.
  Try to lead others.
  Can talk others into doing things.

– keyed Wait for others to lead the way.
  Let others make the decisions.
Identity [.80]
+ keyed (No positive items.)

– keyed Feel that my life lacks direction.
  Am not sure where my life is going.
  Feel desperate.
  Feel that I'm unable to deal with things.
  Am easily discouraged.
  Feel short-changed in life.
No Social Anxiety [.74]
+ keyed Express myself easily.
  Am skilled in handling social situations.
  Am not embarrassed easily.

– keyed Find it difficult to approach others.
  Am apprehensive about new encounters.
  Am afraid to draw attention to myself.
Likes Parties [.68]
+ keyed Love large parties.
  Talk to a lot of different people at parties.
  Love surprise parties.

– keyed Avoid crowds.
  Don't like to get dressed up.
Likes Crowds [.64]
+ keyed Enjoy being part of a loud crowd.
  Cheer loudly at sporting events.
  Prefer going to movies to watching videos at home.
  Am easily talked into doing silly things

– keyed Don't like crowded events.
  Dislike loud music.
Experience-seeking [.66]
+ keyed Prefer variety to routine.
  Seek adventure.
  Try out new things.

– keyed Don't like the idea of change.
  Would describe my experiences as somewhat dull.
  Dislike new foods.
Exhibitionistic [.83]
+ keyed Don't mind being the center of attention.
  Like to attract attention.
  Make myself the center of attention.

– keyed Don't like to draw attention to myself.
  Dislike being the center of attention.
  Dislike talking about myself.
Entertaining [.84]
+ keyed Amuse my friends.
  Make jokes.
  Like to amuse others.
  Joke around a lot.

– keyed Seldom joke around.
Easy To Live With [.66]
+ keyed Accept people as they are
  Try to forgive and forget.
  Am on good terms with nearly everyone.
  Have a good word for everyone.

– keyed Hurt people.
  Treat people as inferiors.
Sensitive [.61]
+ keyed Am deeply moved by others' misfortunes.
  Show my gratitude.
  Value cooperation over competition.

– keyed Tend to dislike soft-hearted people.
  Act at the expense of others.
  Obstruct others' plans.
Caring [.75]
+ keyed Feel others' emotions.
  Know how to comfort others.
  Make others feel good.
  Anticipate the needs of others.

– keyed Am not interested in other people's problems.
  Feel little concern for others.
Likes People [.82]
+ keyed Feel comfortable around people.
  Make friends easily.
  Am interested in people.

– keyed Keep others at a distance.
  Often feel uncomfortable around others.
  Avoid contacts with others.
No Hostility [.75]
+ keyed Accept apologies easily.
  Quickly forget disagreements.

– keyed Hold a grudge.
  Find it hard to forgive others.
  Get back at others.
  Get even with others.
Moralistic [.70]
+ keyed Do unpleasant tasks immediately.
  Get to work at once.
  Am always prepared.

– keyed Put off unpleasant tasks.
  Waste my time.
Mastery [.72]
+ keyed Continue until everything is perfect.
  Get chores done right away.
  Love order and regularity.

– keyed Leave a mess in my room.
  Leave my belongings around.
  Am not bothered by disorder.
Virtuous [.70]
+ keyed Take things as they come.

– keyed Speak ill of others.
  Am often in a bad mood.
  Get furious.
  Have a sharp tongue.
  Shoot my mouth off.
Not Autonomous [.66]
+ keyed Need the approval of others.
  Want to be liked.
  Seek support.

– keyed Don't care what others think.
  Don't care what people think of me.
Not Spontaneous [.61]
+ keyed (No positive items.)

– keyed Am easily talked into doing silly things.
  Do unexpected things.
  Dislike routine.
  Enjoy wild flights of fantasy.
  Try to do too difficult things.
  Like variety.
Impulse Control [.70]
+ keyed Do things by the book.
  Stick to the rules.
  Never splurge.

– keyed Enjoy being reckless.
  Do crazy things.
  Like to act on a whim.
Avoids Trouble [.64]
+ keyed (No positive items.)

– keyed Feel that people have a hard time understanding me.
  Have days when I'm mad at the world.
  Seek danger.
  Oppose authority.
  Do things that others find strange.
  Love to come up with objections.
Science Ability [.60]
+ keyed Like to solve complex problems.
  Have an eye for detail.
  Tend to analyze things.
  Want to know the reasons why.
  Want to see things for myself.

– keyed Dislike learning.
Curiosity [.66]
+ keyed Like to know how things work.
  Know how things work.
  Love to think up new ways of doing things.
  Seek explanations of things.
  Love to read challenging material.
  Can perform a wide variety of tasks.

– keyed (No negative items.)
Thrill-seeking [.72]
+ keyed Act wild and crazy.
  Do dangerous things.
  Willing to try anything once.
  Take risks.
  Love excitement.

– keyed Would never go hang gliding or bungee jumping.
  Avoid dangerous situations.
Intellectual Games [.50]
+ keyed Enjoy games of strategy.
  Enjoy cartoons.

– keyed Seldom read the comics.
  Disliked math in school.
  Am easily distracted.
  Don't pay attention.
  Don't like action movies.
Generates Ideas [.80]
+ keyed Am full of ideas.
  Have excellent ideas.
  Quickly think up new ideas.

– keyed Do not have a good imagination.
  Can't come up with new ideas.
  Have difficulty imagining things.
Culture [.77]
+ keyed Believe in the importance of art.
  Like music.
  See beauty in things that others might not notice.

– keyed Do not like poetry.
  Do not enjoy going to art museums.
  Do not like concerts.
Education [.79]
+ keyed Read quickly.
  Have a rich vocabulary.
  Can handle a lot of information.
  Quick to understand things.
  Show a mastery of language.

– keyed Have difficulty understanding abstract ideas.
  Read slowly.
Math Ability [.44]
+ keyed Enjoy games of strategy.
  Do things in a logical order.
  Can work under pressure.

– keyed Disliked math in school.
  Reassure others.
  Inquire about others' well-being.
Good Memory [.80]
+ keyed Have a rich vocabulary.
  Can handle a lot of information.
  Use difficult words.
  Show a mastery of language.

– keyed Have a poor vocabulary.
Reading [.80]
+ keyed Like to read.
  Spend a lot of time reading.
  Read quickly.
  Have read a lot.

– keyed Read slowly.
  Avoid difficult reading material.
Self Focus [.78]
+ keyed Look for hidden meanings in things.
  Try to understand myself.
  Try to examine myself objectively.
  Enjoy examining myself and my life.
  Spend time reflecting on things.

– keyed Rarely look for a deeper meaning in things.
Impression Management [.68]
+ keyed Spend time thinking about past mistakes.
  Feel crushed by setbacks.
  Withhold information from others.
  Am preoccupied with myself.
  Dwell on the past.
  Often express doubts.

– keyed (No negative items.)
Appearance [.68]
+ keyed Believe appearances are important.
  Keep myself well-groomed.

– keyed Don't care about dressing nicely.
  Pay no attention to my appearance.

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